Dan Browns, "The DaVinci Code," portrays a member of Opus Dei flagellating himself just before he is to perform an assassination. The book is entertaining as a piece of fiction but bears no resemblance to history. Nonetheless, I was intrigued to find out just what and who Opus Dei is. For years, I have heard numerous reports on the organization. Everything from comparing Opus Dei to the Masons, or the Knights of the Templar, or the Pope's Hit Men, to the legitimate and honorable favorite organization of Pope John Paul II.
Many criticisms have been leveled against the organization from inside and outside the Catholic Church: They are a secret cult. They recruit young members through cultic practices. They are fabulously wealthy. They secretly occupy the highest levels of industry, government, and the Church. They have a powerful political agenda. They relegate their female members to menial 'house work' and deny them any real power in the organization. They practice perverse ascetic sadomasochistic acts of mortification, the wearing of barbed wire-like belts and the practice of whipping themselves. They bought their founder, St. Josemaria, his sainthood or at the least, manipulated his beatification. The founder was a fascist. They elected the new pope.
Ironically, many of these charges are or were leveled against the Jesuits. The Jesuits are today Opus Dei's biggest critics.
To satisfy my curiosity I searched my public library and found the following title: Opus Dei: An Objective Look Behind The Myths And Reality Of The Most Controversial Force In The Catholic Church by John L. Allen, Jr. Allen is a Vatican corespondent for the National Catholic Reporter. Since the NCR is considered a liberal Catholic periodical, I thought his view would balance the supposed conservative Opus Dei members perceptions of their organization. I had expected the author to give Opus Dei a thrashing. Was I surprised!!! The book was remarkably objective as the title suggests. Mr. Allen interviewed Opus Dei members and was given access to Opus Dei literature and practices. He claims that at no time did the organization fail to answer his questions in some manner. Former members who are critics and others who find fault with the organization were given a fair sounding.
I hope to give you a few savory morsels of this book. It is well worth one's time. My own faith was rejuvenated!
Opus Dei is Latin for 'God's Work'. Members of Opus Dei frequently refer to it as 'the Work'. Its founder, St. Josemari'a Escriva', envisioned:
"A mobilization of Christians disposed to sacrifice themselves with joy to others, to render divine all the ways of man on earth, sanctifying every upright work, every honest labor, every earthly occupation."
We frequently set up a schizophrenic dichotomy in our lives by dividing them into the sacred and the profane, the spiritual and the secular, the clerical and the lay. What I do in the Church building is not linked to what I do at work. Holiness is for priest and nuns. Its survival for the rest of us. The founders vision is that there was to be no division by position, location, or time. The world and spirituality were to be one seamless cloth.
The author states,
"At its core, the message of Opus Dei is the redemption of the world will come in large part through laywomen and men sanctifying their daily work, transforming secularity from within."
So what does this mean? I was educated by the Benedictines of St. Meinrad. St. Benedict had a motto, 'Ora et Labora,' pray and work. One was to live ones life by praying and working. One's work was to become one's prayer! The difference between Opus Dei and the Benedictines is that the Benedictines wear a habit, and are for the most part cloistered in a monastery or church. Most members of Opus Dei live in the 'secular' world as: doctors, lawyers, engineers, bankers, professors, taxis drivers, barbers, etc. They wear no distinguishing habit and do not advertise their affiliation. (They have been criticized for being secretive. I understand their anonymity to be an act of humility and similar in attitude to that of Alcoholics Anonymous. Opus Dei members are not to "talk the talk, but walk the walk. Members are not to seek special privilege or advantage by way of their membership.)
It is unlike any other organization in the Church. It is not considered a lay movement, nor a clerical order. Priest and laity, men and women are all together in the organization. All Christian members are equally part of 'the Work'.
The goal is to bring Christ to and find Him in the ordinary and mundane work and task of life, be it sweeping the floor, cooking dinner, delivering a lecture,or cutting someone's hair. All work is noble. It is one's attitude not ones occupation or station in life that matters. Holiness is to be found in everything and everywhere. One is to contemplate in a world of active work.
Opus Dei is said not to have a political agenda. " ... the proper role of the Church is not to advance a political program but to pass on the spiritual and doctrinal tradition that are its primary reasons for existence." One's politics is left to the freedom of the individual member. There are members found on the left and the right, yet it must be admitted that the preponderance of membership seems is to be found on the right of the political spectrum.
Context is everything! The right of center views of many of Opus Dei's members are largely due to the historical context of its birth, and desire to survive and be recognized as a legitimate community in the Church. The Spanish Civil War found the Communists executing priests and religious. St. Josemari'a was saved only by feigning insanity. As with many new organizations in the Church, at the time of their founding they (the Franciscans, the Dominicans, the Jesuits, Opus Dei) pledged absolute fidelity to the Pope and the teachings of the Magistarium without question.
The faiths of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity have all had aesetics who practiced corporal mortification. Christian mortification is seen as spiritual training. "It reminds one in a physical sense that sin hurts. It is used as an act of penance and trains one to face the hardships of life."
Some Opus Die members use the 'Cilice' and the 'Discipline'. The 'Cilice' is "a spiked chain worn around the upper thigh for up to two hours each day, except for Church feast days, Sundays, and certain times of the year." The author tried one on for two hours and found it less painful than running a mile. The 'Discipline' is "a cordlike whip that resembles macrame, used on the buttocks or back once a week while reciting a brief prayer, usually either the Our Father, or the Hail Mary." Other practices may include sleeping on the floor, without a pillow, not putting milk or sugar in one's coffee or tea, not buttering one's toast, not taking seconds at meals, skipping dessert, keeping silent after night prayer, and taking cold showers.
Opus Dei has a porportional representation of .9% of bishops in the Church. The Jesuits have a higher representation of clerics in the Vatican. Its financial assets are rather modest in comparison to other Church organizations. Women nominate the leaders of the organization and the men vote on them. The women run the women's half of the organization.
The book gives far more detail in examining these area's. Allen also makes recommendations at the end of the book that would help to dispel the false impression many people have of Opus Dei.
Allen's Book and presentation of Opus Dei were both interesting and inspirational. It is worth a look.
"To live is to change, and to be perfect is to have changed often."